With solid professional skills and cross-border dispute resolution experience, Lawyer Wang Jingzhan successfully represented the international sales contract dispute case, recovering a loss of 1116,163.48 yuan for the client, demonstrating efficient rights protection and legal wisdom.
Case of contract fraud and legal analysis
Here is a case that Lawyer Wang Jingzhan experienced in the last year, with course of action and legal reasoning as follows.
Continue readingPreliminary mediation
Preliminary mediation refers to a procedural mechanism in which, after accepting a civil case and before formally entering the litigation process, the people’s court, either ex officio or upon the application of the parties, guides the parties to negotiate on an equal footing, show mutual understanding and accommodation, and reach a substantive resolution of the dispute through various methods such as appointing a mediation organization, designating a full-time mediator, or having a judge preside over the mediation, provided that both parties agree, for cases suitable for mediation.
The general idea for a Chinese lawyer to review a contract
(1) Before examination, the lawyer shall confirm the language of the text of the contract to be examined, and the original shall prevail based on its meaning, while other languages shall be translated. The lawyer needs to confirm the client’s request to review the original and/or translated version of the contract. If a review of the translated version is necessary, the source of the translation must be confirmed to assess the risk.
Continue reading2025年新法解读:执行异议之诉案件适用法律问题的解释
中华人民共和国最高人民法院于2025年7月23日发布了《关于审理执行异议之诉案件适用法律问题的解释》
Continue readingThe main clauses in a contract as per the laws of China
The main clauses that should be included in a contract as per China laws.
As per the Article 470 of China Civil Code: The contents of a contract shall be agreed upon by the parties and generally include the following clauses:
Continue readingIdentification of the difference between contract fraud cases and civil contract fraud in legal practice of China
The main difference between contract fraud cases and civil contract fraud lies in whether the perpetrator has the purpose of illegal possession.
The proportion of debt in a dispute
As per provision of 517 of China Civil Code,Creditors consist of two or more individuals, and the subject matter is divisible, with each party enjoying their respective shares
If there is a debt, it is a proportionate debt; The debtor consists of two or more persons, and the subject matter can be divided according to their respective shares
For those who bear debts, it is a proportionate debt.
If it is difficult to determine the share of the creditor or debtor by share, it shall be deemed that the share is equal.
Case Summary
The defendant Pi and the third party Wu were originally husband and wife, and the second plaintiff was the third party Wu
Parents. In early July 2013, the defendant Pi and a third party Wu requested a loan from the second plaintiff to purchase a building located at 3-2- XXX in Feicui Garden Community, Huogezhuang Town, Baodi District. On July 10, 2013, the plaintiff Hou transferred 100000 yuan from his own Tianjin Rural Commercial Bank card (account number 62 XXX 49) to the defendant Pi’s Agricultural Bank of China card (account number 62 XXX 13). Later, due to the need for renovation of the building, the third party Wu borrowed 30000 yuan from the second plaintiff. On January 21, 2014, the defendant Pi and the third party Wu issued a promissory note for the plaintiff, which stated that they borrowed 100000 yuan and 30000 yuan from their parents for buying a house and renovating the house. Pi and Wu signed the promissory note. The two plaintiffs are now suing the defendant Pi for refusing to repay the 65000 yuan loan they should bear to the court.
Court ruling
The court holds that legitimate lending relationships are protected by law. Due to the defendant Pi and the third party Wu
The two parties were originally in a marital relationship, and the above-mentioned debt was incurred during the existence of the marital relationship between the defendant Pi and the third party Wu for the joint purchase of a building. Therefore, the above-mentioned debt should be treated as a joint marital debt and should be jointly repaid by the defendant Pi and the third party Wu. Although the second plaintiff claims that the third party Wu has already repaid the second plaintiff’s loan of 65000 yuan, and the disputed 65000 yuan in this case, the second plaintiff only demands that the defendant Pi be responsible for repayment, and does not require the third party Wu to repay. In this regard, the court believes that because the joint debt of husband and wife is an inseparable debt, its nature belongs to joint and several debt, and the defendant Pi and the third party Wu agreed that the building located in the 3-2- XX building of Feicui Garden Community, Huogezhuang Town, Baodi District, which belongs to Wu at the time of divorce in court, and the loan of 130000 yuan from the plaintiff was borrowed to purchase the building. At the same time, the second plaintiff is the parents of the third party Wu. Abandoning the lawsuit against one of the debtors, the third party Wu Mou2, will inevitably increase the obligations of the defendant Pi Mou, which violates the principle of fairness in civil law. The second plaintiff claims that the third party Wu Mou2 has already repaid the loan of 65000 yuan, From the date of divorce between the defendant and the third party, it can be seen that the two divorced on March 17, 2016. However, in this case, the two plaintiffs filed a civil loan lawsuit on March 18, 2016. Therefore, even if the third party’s repayment claimed by the two plaintiffs exists, it cannot be ruled out that the loan repaid by the third party is jointly owned by both parties
The possibility of repayment. In summary, the loan of 65000 yuan claimed by the two plaintiffs in this case should be borne by the defendant Pi
XXX and the third party Wu jointly repay.
Lawyer Expert review
The focus of the dispute in this case is the proportion of debt that the defendant should bear. In most debt cases,
Each debtor should repay the debt according to their own share. If it is not clear which share they should bear, they should share equally. In this case, the debt involved was borrowed by Pi and a third party named Wu for the purpose of their family’s common life, and should be paid off as a joint debt between the two parties. As both parties cannot clearly distinguish their respective shares, they should share the debt equally. Afterwards, although the plaintiff claimed that the third party Wu had paid off half of the debt, it was paid off with the joint property of the couple, and the debt that the defendant Pi should bear should also be reduced. The judge’s ruling that Pi and the third party Wu should jointly bear the remaining debt is worthy of approval.
Time Cognizance of Cancellation of a Contract
Contract termination refers to the end of a contractual relationship due to the intention expressed by one or both parties after the contract has been validly established. The unfulfilled portion will no longer be fulfilled, while the fulfilled portion will be settled according to specific circumstances. Continue reading
The legal defination of sales contract as per laws of China
Sales contract is a typical contract in contract law of China
Sales contract is one of the most common contracts made between manufacturing companies, trade companies and etc. As per the law, other contract in dispute, when without specific regulation, may refer to the ruling of sales contract. The Article 595 says a sales contract is a contract whereby the seller transfers the ownership of the subject matter to the buyer and the buyer pays the price。
This article defines the concept of a sales contract.
